Thinking about hitting the road as a professional driver? You’re not alone. Learning how to become a truck driver is a popular path for those seeking stable income, independence, and adventure. Whether you’re just starting out or switching careers, this guide walks you through everything—from CDL requirements and training options to how long it really takes and what to expect on the job. If you’re ready to steer your future in a new direction, let’s get rolling!
What does a truck driver do?
Truck drivers transport goods across short or long distances, ensuring timely and safe deliveries. They operate different types of trucks, from small delivery vehicles to long-haul tractor-trailers, depending on their license class and endorsements. Responsibilities include:
- Inspecting vehicles before and after trips
- Securing cargo and maintaining logs
- Complying with traffic laws and DOT regulations
- Navigating routes and handling unexpected road conditions
How to become a truck driver?
Becoming a professional truck driver involves several structured steps. Here’s exactly how to start your journey.
Step 1 – Meet Basic Requirements
Before you start your truck driving journey, you must first ensure that you meet all CDL license requirements as outlined by both federal and state authorities:
Age Requirements
- 18 years old: Eligible for intrastate driving (within your state).
- 21 years old: Required for interstate driving and endorsements like HAZMAT, school bus, and passenger transport.
Required Documentation
Bring original or certified copies of the following:
- Proof of identity: U.S. passport, birth certificate, or Green Card
- Proof of legal presence: Employment authorization or valid foreign passport with visa
- Proof of residency: Utility bills, lease agreement, or bank statements
Driving Record
A clean driving history is important. Disqualifiers may include:
- 2+ serious traffic violations in the last 3 years
- DUI or reckless driving convictions
- Felony involving a CMV
- Violations of out-of-service orders
Self-Certification
You must declare your driving type (interstate or intrastate) and whether you’re subject to FMCSA rules. Most new drivers fall under Non-Excepted Interstate, which requires a DOT physical.
CDL Medical Requirements
A DOT physical exam is mandatory and includes:
- Vision: At least 20/40 in each eye
- Hearing: Hear a whisper from 5 feet (with/without aid)
- Blood pressure: Ideally under 140/90
- Urinalysis & general physical check
You’ll receive a DOT Medical Card, valid up to 2 years depending on your health.
Want more detailed information? Follow our full post on CDL license requirements to understand every basic requirement clearly.
Step 2 – Get a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP)
Once you meet the basic CDL license requirements, your next move is to apply for a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP). This permit allows you to legally practice driving a commercial motor vehicle under the supervision of a licensed CDL holder.
To apply for a CLP, here’s what you’ll typically need:
- Study your state’s CDL manual
- Pass a written knowledge test (General Knowledge + additional endorsements)
- Submit required documentation (ID, medical card, proof of residency)
- Pay application fees
Note: You must wait at least 14 days after receiving your CLP before taking the CDL skills test, as per FMCSA regulations.
Step 3 – Complete Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT)
As of 2022, ELDT is mandatory for all first-time CDL applicants. You must:
- Enroll in an FMCSA-approved ELDT provider
- Complete both theory and behind-the-wheel training
- Cover safety, regulations, vehicle inspections, and basic maneuvers
If you’re just starting your journey on how to become a truck driver, ELDT is a non-negotiable step — and a valuable one. You must pass:
- Theory instruction (classroom or online)
- Behind-the-wheel (BTW) training
Step 4 – Pass the CDL Skills Test
The CDL skills test includes three parts:
- Pre-trip inspection: Demonstrate knowledge of truck components and safety checks
- Basic vehicle control: Perform maneuvers like backing up, turning, and parking
- On-road driving: Drive in real traffic conditions to prove your readiness
Schedule this test through your state DMV once ELDT is complete and you’ve held your CLP for at least 14 days.
Step 5 – Get Your CDL
Upon passing the skills test, you’ll receive your CDL. Depending on your class (A, B, or C), you may now operate different types of commercial vehicles. Consider adding endorsements like:
- Hazmat (H)
- Tanker (N)
- Double/Triple Trailers (T)
- Passenger (P)
Step 6 – Gain Experience and Specialized Training
Name-image-7: gain-experience-and-specialized-training
After earning your CDL, many companies offer paid training programs. To grow your career, you can:
- Drive for a carrier that hires new CDL holders
- Accumulate miles to build experience
- Get advanced endorsements
- Explore routes like long-haul, regional, or local driving
Step 7 – Find a Truck Driving Job
Once trained, search for a company that aligns with your goals. When applying:
- Tailor your resume to include licenses, endorsements, and driving school
- Use job boards like TruckingTruth, CDLJobs, or Indeed
- Consider benefits like pay per mile, bonuses, and home time
Additional Considerations and Notes
Before jumping into a trucking career, consider these key points:
- Training Costs: CDL programs range from $3,000–$8,000. Some companies offer tuition reimbursement or paid training.
- Lifestyle: OTR drivers may be gone for weeks at a time. Local routes offer more home time and steady hours.
- Career Growth: With experience, you can become a trainer, owner-operator, or move into logistics roles.
- Physical Demands: Long hours and occasional lifting require good health and stamina.
Helpful Tips:
- Pick an FMCSA-approved school with a strong reputation.
- Look into company-paid CDL programs to reduce costs.
- Understand the DOT 14-hour rule for driving limits and rest periods.
- Network with other drivers and recruiters for job leads.
- Explore job types: local delivery, long-haul, hazmat, etc.
FAQs
1. How long does it take to become a truck driver?
It typically takes 4–6 weeks to complete truck driving school and earn your CDL—but the full process can stretch over a few months, depending on your schedule, learning pace, and job readiness.
Here’s a general breakdown:
- CLP prep: 2–4 weeks (can be faster with effective self-study). Check out our CDL study guide, CDL manual (handbook) and CDL practice tests to study effectively and quickly.
- ELDT & behind-the-wheel training: 2-4 weeks
- Skills test + job search: Varies by individual
2. Can you make a living as a truck driver?
Yes! Most truck drivers can earn a stable income. According to Indeed, the average salary of a truck driver is around $90,000+ annually, depending on experience, routes, and endorsements. Factors that impact income include:
- Type of freight hauled (hazmat, flatbed, etc.)
- Miles driven per week
- Carrier pay structure (cents per mile, hourly, or salary)
Final thoughts
Learning how to become a truck driver is the first step toward a stable, independent, and rewarding career on the road. By understanding each phase—from earning your commercial learner’s permit to landing your first job—you’re setting yourself up for long-term success. Ready to hit the highway? Start today by reviewing your state’s CDL manual and mapping out your training plan. Don’t forget to use our free CDL resources to enjoy a smoother path toward your truck driving career.
