Interstate vs Intrastate CDL: The Key Differences

Many new drivers ask “What is the difference between the interstate vs intrastate CDL?” and we have got your complete guide here. So basically, the main difference between these two types of CDL lies in their scope of operation. While interstate CDL allows drivers to drive out of state, with the intrastate one, drivers can only drive within their state. Whether you are looking to haul freight across state lines or within your home state’s boundaries, knowing which commercial driver’s license you need is still essential.

In this blog post, we will thoroughly compare the interstate and intrastate CDL besides stating the importance of understanding their differences. Keep reading and find out useful information!

The importance of understanding the differences between interstate vs intrastate CDL

Understanding the difference between interstate vs intrastate CDL is of significant importance as it comes with its own set of requirements. Failure to comply with federal and state regulations for either can result in significant penalties, including fines and potential service disruptions.

These disruptions can force you to halt operations until compliance is achieved, causing delays and financial strain. By determining which type of trucking aligns with your business upfront, you can avoid these costly issues and stay on the right track.

It is also important to note that freight that appears to be intrastate may actually be considered interstate. For example, even if you pick up and deliver within the same state, crossing state lines during the journey or handling freight that has previously crossed state borders classifies the load as interstate. This means you may unknowingly face regulatory risks when transporting such cargo.

What are the differences between interstate and intrastate CDL?

Basically, the difference between interstate and intrastate CDL is that interstate allows drivers to legally cross state lines or national borders when transporting goods, while intrastate restricts deliveries to within the boundaries of a single state. However, the distinction of these two types of CDL also lies in multiple factors, now let’s check it out!

Age restrictions

To be qualified for the Commercial Driver’s License, there is a difference in age standard between interstate vs intrastate CDL.

• Interstate CDL: To obtain an interstate CDL, drivers must be at least 21  years old. This age requirement reflects the additional responsibility and risks associated with crossing state lines and dealing with federal regulations.
• Intrastate CDL: Some states allow drivers who are 18 years old to get an intrastate CDL, enabling them to drive commercial vehicles within state boundaries.

Regulatory authority

Interstate vs intrastate CDL difference also lies in its regulatory body:

• Interstate CDL: Interstate drivers are governed by federal regulations, primarily through the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) – a body that has a unified set of rules across the US to ensure safety and standardization in interstate transportation.
• Intrastate CDL: Intrastate drivers, on the other hand, are subject to state-specific regulations. It means that intrastate CDL regulations set by each state’s Department of Transportation vary across states.

Truck operated types

The types of trucks operated under interstate vs intrastate CDL differ significantly:

• Interstate CDL: larger vehicles like tractor-trailers and refrigerated trucks designed for long-haul transport across state lines.
• Intrastate CDL: smaller vehicles such as box trucks and dump trucks, used for local deliveries within a single state.

Hours of service regulations (HOS)

• Interstate CDL: Interstate drivers must strictly follow the FMCSA’s Hours of Service regulations which are designed to prevent driver fatigue.

Specifically, drivers are limited to 11 hours of driving within a 14-hour window after coming on duty, and must take at least 10 consecutive hours off-duty between shifts. Additionally, they can not drive after 60/70 hours on duty over 7 out of 8 consecutive days.

Still confused about FMCSA’s Hours of Service? Keep reading here.

• Intrastate CDL: States may implement their own Hours of Service regulations for intrastate drivers, and these can be more flexible. Some states allow longer daily driving limits or extended on-duty periods compared to the federal standards.

Insurance requirements

Distinction between interstate vs intrastate CDL is mostly highlighted in each’s insurance requirements:Interstate CDL drivers typically face higher insurance requirements set by the FMCSA due to the greater risks associated with long-distance travel.

The FMCSA sets minimum insurance requirements for various types of commercial freight transport as stated below:

Compliance and penalties

• Interstate CDL: Since interstate drivers must comply with FMCSA rules, violations can lead to federal penalties, including substantial fines, loss of driving privileges, and so on.

Furthermore, interstate drivers are also subject to random drug and alcohol testing which is also enacted by the FMCSA, and failing to comply with these tests can lead to immediate disqualification.

• Intrastate CDL: Intrastate drivers face state-specific penalties for non-compliance, which can vary widely. States may have different fines, suspension periods, or disqualification standards compared to federal guidelines.

For instance, in Texas exceeding weight limits can result in fines ranging from $100 to $500 with the vehicles less than 2,500 pounds while in California, a fine of $1.00 for each pound overweight will be imposed for driving an overweight truck.

FAQs

Do you need a DOT medical card for intrastate driving?

It depends on each state’s regulation. Some states might mandate the DOT medical card for certain commercial drivers, while others do not. Generally, if a CDL is necessary, meeting health standards similar to interstate requirements may apply

How to change DOT from intrastate to interstate?

To change your DOT authority from intrastate to interstate, schedule a DOT medical exam with a certified medical examiner. After passing, obtain a DOT medical certification, then update your CDL at your local DMV to remove any K restrictions. It is recommended that you check your state’s guidelines for specific instruction.

Drop by here for more information!

Can intrastate cross state lines without FMCSA?

Intrastate drivers cannot legally cross state lines for commercial purposes without FMCSA authority. If any part of a load crosses state lines, it’s considered interstate freight, requiring compliance with federal regulations, including licensing and insurance.

Are there any similarities between interstate and intrastate CDL?

Yes, interstate vs intrastate CDL share foundational training and testing requirements. Both types of drivers must know vehicle operation and safety regulations, as well as pass the CDL test to obtain a Commercial Driver’s License.

Final thoughts

Understanding the differences between interstate vs intrastate CDL is crucial for truck drivers seeking to navigate their licensing options effectively since each type has specific features from regulations to operational scope. Also, it is worth knowing how to change CDL from intrastate to interstate in case you change your mind one day.

For best practice tests, drop by our CDL prep today to explore comprehensive resources!